Chapter 8 Notes | Chemistry 2nd Year
“Aliphatic Hydrocarbons”
- Hydrocarbons are made up of carbon and hydrogen only. Saturated hydrocarbons are called alkanes. They do not contain functional groups.
- Alkanes react with halogen by a radical mechanism ti give haloalkanes mechanism consists of three steps, initiation, propagation and termination.
- Alkenes are very reactive compounds. They undergo electroscopic reactions easily.
- Addition of unsymmetrical reagent to an unsymmetrical alken takes place accordance with the Markownikov’s rule.
- Hydrocarbons containing a triple bond are known as alkynes or acetylenes.
- Alkynes underho addition reaction and two molecules of a reagent are added in it.
- Etyne and other terminal alkynes contain a weakly acidic hydrogen and therreact with ammocial cupprous chloride and ammocial silver nitrate to give acetylide.
- The decreasing reactivity order alkanes, alkenes and alkynes are as follows:
Aklenes>Alkynes>Alkanes
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3 Comments
very nice work
Dear Respected Toufeeq sahib
Assalam-o-alaiqum,
I want to know whether these 2nd year chemistry notes are according to the latest edition July, 2017?
Please respond.
Best Regards,
Dr. Sami Ullah
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